Choosing the right ammunition is crucial for a successful turkey hunt, and the 20 gauge has become a popular choice among hunters seeking a balance of power and manageability. This guide delves into the specifics of 20 gauge turkey shot, exploring its advantages, disadvantages, and considerations for optimal performance.
Understanding 20 Gauge Turkey Loads
The 20 gauge offers a compelling compromise between the hard-hitting power of larger gauges like 12 gauge and the lighter recoil of smaller gauges like .410. This makes it an excellent option for hunters of all experience levels, especially those who find the recoil of larger gauges excessive. However, effective turkey hunting with a 20 gauge demands careful consideration of shot size, payload, and choke.
Shot Size: Finding the Sweet Spot
Selecting the appropriate shot size is paramount. While some hunters might gravitate towards larger shot sizes for increased penetration, this isn't always the best approach. For 20 gauge turkey loads, #4 shot and #5 shot are generally considered optimal.
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#4 shot: Offers excellent stopping power and pattern density at reasonable ranges. This is a solid all-around choice, particularly for hunters who prefer a bit more margin for error in shot placement.
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#5 shot: Provides a tighter pattern than #4, potentially making it advantageous at longer ranges. However, it sacrifices some stopping power, requiring more precise shot placement for clean kills.
Ultimately, the ideal shot size depends on your hunting style, shooting skills, and the typical ranges at which you engage turkeys.
Payload: More Isn't Always Better
The payload, or the amount of shot in each shell, significantly impacts the pattern density and energy delivered to the target. Heavier payloads generally produce denser patterns, leading to a better chance of a clean kill. However, heavier payloads also increase recoil, potentially affecting accuracy and follow-up shots. A balance needs to be struck. Look for 20-gauge turkey loads with payloads appropriate for the shot size you've chosen.
Choke: Optimizing Your Pattern
The choke tube dramatically influences the shot pattern's density and spread. For turkey hunting with a 20 gauge, a full choke or extra-full choke is typically recommended. These chokes constrict the shot column, resulting in a tighter pattern at longer ranges. This tighter pattern is crucial for effectively hitting the small, vital areas of a turkey.
Advantages of 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
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Reduced Recoil: The lighter recoil compared to 12 gauge makes it more comfortable to shoot, particularly for multiple shots or extended hunting periods.
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Improved Maneuverability: The lighter weight of the shotgun makes it easier to handle in dense cover and challenging terrain.
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Excellent Accuracy: With the right ammunition and choke, the 20 gauge offers excellent accuracy, rivaling larger gauges.
Disadvantages of 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
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Limited Range: Compared to 12 gauge, the effective range of 20 gauge turkey loads can be slightly shorter. This necessitates closer shots.
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Potential for Less Stopping Power: While #4 and #5 shot are effective, they might not deliver the same stopping power as larger shot sizes in a 12 gauge, especially at longer ranges.
Choosing the Right 20 Gauge Turkey Load: Key Considerations
Before heading out for your turkey hunt, thoroughly test various 20 gauge turkey loads at different ranges to determine which combination of shot size, payload, and choke produces the best pattern for your gun and shooting style. Consistent practice is key to achieving success with any gauge.
Remember to always prioritize ethical hunting practices and responsible gun handling. A clean, ethical kill should be the ultimate goal.
