The .22 caliber is a hugely popular choice for shooters of all levels, from casual plinkers to serious competitors. Its versatility stems from the wide array of cartridges available, each designed for a specific purpose. This comprehensive guide will explore the most common .22 caliber cartridges, detailing their characteristics and applications.
Understanding .22 Caliber Variations
Before diving into the list, it's crucial to understand that ".22" refers to the approximate diameter of the bullet, typically around 0.224 inches. However, slight variations exist between cartridges, affecting performance and applications. This means that while all are .22 caliber, they are not interchangeable. Always double-check your firearm's manual before using any ammunition.
Popular .22 Caliber Cartridges: A Detailed Overview
This list organizes cartridges by their common applications and characteristics.
Rimfire Cartridges:
These cartridges feature a rim that contains the primer, simplifying manufacturing and making them generally less expensive. However, this design limits their potential for higher pressures and velocities compared to centerfire rounds.
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.22 Short: One of the oldest .22 cartridges, it's known for its low recoil and quiet operation, making it ideal for beginners and indoor target shooting. Its low power makes it unsuitable for hunting.
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.22 Long: An improvement over the .22 Short, it offers slightly increased power and range, still primarily used for target practice and small pest control.
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.22 Long Rifle (LR): The undisputed king of .22 rimfire cartridges, the .22 LR is incredibly versatile. It's used for target shooting, hunting small game (squirrels, rabbits), plinking, and training. Its availability and affordability contribute to its immense popularity. Numerous variations exist within the .22 LR, offering different bullet weights, jacket types (lead, copper-plated, hollow point), and velocities.
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.22 Winchester Magnum (WMR): A more powerful rimfire option compared to the .22 LR, it offers greater range and stopping power, useful for hunting slightly larger game such as varmints (raccoons, coyotes) and predator control. It’s also commonly used in specialized pistols and rifles.
Centerfire Cartridges:
Centerfire cartridges have the primer located in the center of the cartridge case's base. This design allows for significantly higher pressures and velocities compared to rimfire cartridges.
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.22 Hornet: A relatively low-recoil centerfire cartridge, it's a popular choice for small-game hunting and varmint control. Its accuracy and flat trajectory are desirable characteristics for long-range shooting.
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.223 Remington/.223 Wylde: While technically not strictly ".22" due to the slight variations in bullet diameter, it is often included in conversations regarding .22 calibers. The .223 Remington is an extremely popular, high-velocity cartridge widely used in AR-15 style rifles, mostly for sporting, hunting, and military applications. The .223 Wylde chambering is a hybrid design aiming for improved compatibility and accuracy.
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.22-250 Remington: A high-velocity varmint cartridge known for its flat trajectory and long range. It is capable of taking down varmints efficiently at considerable distances.
Choosing the Right .22 Caliber Cartridge
The best .22 caliber cartridge for you depends entirely on your intended use. Consider these factors:
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Intended use: Target shooting, hunting small game, self-defense (not recommended for primary self-defense unless a last resort and you understand the limitations), or plinking?
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Range: Do you need long-range accuracy or is close-range shooting sufficient?
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Power: How much stopping power do you require for your intended target?
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Firearm: Ensure the cartridge is compatible with your specific firearm.
This guide provides a starting point for understanding the diverse world of .22 caliber cartridges. Further research based on your specific needs is recommended before purchasing ammunition. Remember always to practice safe firearm handling and follow all applicable laws and regulations.
