Can a .308 Shoot 7.62x51? Understanding Cartridge Compatibility
The short answer is: no, a .308 Winchester (7.62x51 NATO) chambered firearm should not shoot 7.62x51 NATO ammunition. While seemingly identical, there are crucial differences that can lead to catastrophic results.
Let's delve into the specifics to understand why this is such a dangerous misconception.
The Seemingly Minor Differences Between .308 Winchester and 7.62x51 NATO
Although both cartridges fire a projectile of approximately the same diameter (.308 caliber), the key distinctions lie in the cartridge case dimensions and chamber specifications:
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Case Dimensions: While the bullet diameter is nearly identical, the 7.62x51 NATO cartridge case is slightly longer and has a slightly larger diameter than the .308 Winchester case. This seemingly minor difference can lead to significant problems.
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Chamber Tolerances: The chambers in rifles designed for 7.62x51 NATO are built to accommodate the slightly larger and longer case. .308 Winchester chambers are designed with tighter tolerances.
The Dangers of Using the Wrong Cartridge
Attempting to fire 7.62x51 NATO ammunition in a .308 Winchester chamber can result in several dangerous scenarios:
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Overpressure: The larger 7.62x51 NATO cartridge case can create excessive pressure within the .308 Winchester chamber. This overpressure can lead to a catastrophic failure, potentially causing damage to the firearm, serious injury to the shooter, or even death. The rifle could burst, and fragments could cause significant harm.
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Stuck Cases: The slightly larger case dimensions might cause the 7.62x51 NATO round to become stuck in the chamber. This would render the firearm inoperable and necessitate professional gunsmith intervention for removal.
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Chamber Damage: Repeated use of the incorrect ammunition can cause permanent damage to the firearm's chamber, rendering it unsafe to use with any ammunition.
Understanding Manufacturer's Recommendations
Firearm manufacturers clearly specify the ammunition their products are designed to use. Always adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations regarding ammunition type. Using the wrong ammunition invalidates any warranty and puts the shooter and those around them at significant risk.
The Bottom Line: Safety First
The difference between .308 Winchester and 7.62x51 NATO ammunition might seem negligible, but the consequences of using the wrong ammunition can be devastating. Never compromise on safety. Always double-check your ammunition before firing and only use the type explicitly recommended by the firearm's manufacturer. If you have any doubts, consult a qualified gunsmith.
