Form 4473, the "Firearm Transaction Record," is a crucial document in the United States for anyone purchasing a firearm from a licensed dealer. Completing it accurately and thoroughly is essential for a smooth and legal transaction. This guide will walk you through each section, providing clear instructions and addressing common questions. Remember, inaccuracies or omissions can lead to delays or even legal repercussions.
Understanding the Purpose of Form 4473
Before diving into the specifics, it's important to understand the purpose of Form 4473. This form is used by licensed firearm dealers (FFLs) to record information about firearm purchasers. This information is then submitted to the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) to determine if the purchaser is eligible to legally acquire a firearm.
Section Breakdown and Completion Instructions
The form is divided into several sections. Let's break down each one:
Part 1: Applicant Information
This section is straightforward. You'll need to provide accurate personal information, including:
- Name: Your full legal name as it appears on your identification.
- Address: Your current and complete residential address.
- Date of Birth: Your birthdate in MM/DD/YYYY format.
- Place of Birth: City and State where you were born.
- Sex: Male or Female.
- Height and Weight: Accurate measurements.
- Race: Choose from the provided options.
- Citizenship: Indicate your citizenship status.
- Driver's License/State ID Number: Provide your driver's license or state-issued ID number. It is important to provide this information accurately and completely.
Part 2: Transaction Information
This section pertains to the firearm(s) you are purchasing:
- Type of Firearm: Pistol, Revolver, Rifle, Shotgun, etc. Be specific.
- Caliber/Gauge: The caliber or gauge of the firearm(s). This information is usually found stamped on the firearm itself.
- Manufacturer and Model: The brand and model of the firearm(s).
- Serial Number: The unique serial number of each firearm. This is crucial for tracing purposes. Check the firearm carefully to ensure you're recording it accurately.
Part 3: Questions Regarding Your Eligibility
This is the most critical part of the form. These questions assess your eligibility to purchase a firearm under federal law. Answer these questions truthfully and completely. Lying on this form is a serious federal offense. Here are some key questions to consider carefully:
- Are you a US Citizen? Be truthful and accurate here. If not, you may have limitations to firearm ownership.
- Are you under indictment for a felony? This refers to felony charges pending against you.
- Have you ever been convicted of a felony? This includes any prior felony convictions.
- Are you an unlawful user of or addicted to any controlled substance? This is a broad question that includes any illegal drug use or addiction.
- Have you ever been adjudicated as a mental defective or committed to any mental institution? This question addresses involuntary commitments or court findings of mental defect.
- Are you subject to a court order that restrains you from harassing, stalking, or threatening an intimate partner or child? This includes restraining orders related to domestic violence.
- Have you been discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions? Dishonorable discharges can affect your eligibility.
- Are you currently subject to a domestic violence restraining order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction? Any such orders must be disclosed.
If you answer "yes" to any of these questions, you may not be able to legally purchase a firearm. The dealer will be obligated to report your answers to the NICS and the transaction will likely be denied.
Part 4: Dealer Information and Certification
This section is completed by the licensed firearms dealer. It verifies the dealer's identity and confirms the transfer of the firearm(s).
Part 5: Additional Information (if applicable)
This section might be used to clarify any information provided earlier in the form or add necessary details.
Tips for Completing Form 4473
- Read Carefully: Before you begin, carefully read the entire form and the instructions.
- Be Accurate: Provide accurate and truthful information. Inaccuracies are a serious offense.
- Print Clearly: Write neatly and legibly.
- Double-Check: Review your responses before submitting the form.
- Ask for Clarification: If you have any questions, don't hesitate to ask the firearms dealer for clarification.
This guide provides a general overview of completing Form 4473. State laws regarding firearm purchases may vary, so it is always advisable to check your state's specific regulations. This information should not be considered legal advice. Always consult with legal counsel if you have any concerns or questions about your eligibility to purchase firearms.
