Rimmed cartridges, a cornerstone of early firearm technology, continue to hold a place in modern shooting sports and hunting. Understanding their characteristics is crucial for anyone interested in firearms history, collecting, or practical shooting. This comprehensive list categorizes rimmed cartridges by caliber, highlighting their historical significance and contemporary applications.
What Defines a Rimmed Cartridge?
Before delving into the list, it's important to understand the defining feature: the rim. Unlike rimless cartridges, where the case mouth is flush with the case body, rimmed cartridges have a noticeably larger diameter rim at the base. This rim plays a critical role in extraction, particularly in older firearms with simple breech mechanisms. The rim engages with the extractor claw, ensuring reliable removal of the spent casing.
Categorizing Rimmed Cartridges: A Breakdown
Categorizing rimmed cartridges comprehensively is challenging due to the sheer number of variations produced throughout history. However, we can group them based on several key factors:
1. Caliber and Intended Use:
This is arguably the most practical categorization. We can group rimmed cartridges by their caliber (e.g., .22, .38, .45) and typical application (e.g., pistol, rifle, revolver). This allows for a more readily accessible understanding of their function and purpose.
Examples:
- .22 Short, .22 Long, .22 Long Rifle (Pistol & Rifle): Ubiquitous rimfire cartridges known for their affordability and suitability for small game hunting, plinking, and target shooting. The difference lies primarily in case length and power.
- .38 Special/.357 Magnum (Revolver): Popular handgun cartridges, with the .38 Special being a lower-powered load often used for target practice and self-defense, while the .357 Magnum delivers significantly more power for hunting and self-defense.
- .45 Colt (Revolver): A classic revolver cartridge known for its stopping power, commonly used in cowboy action shooting and hunting.
- .44-40 Winchester (Lever-Action Rifle & Revolver): A historically significant cartridge used in lever-action rifles such as the Winchester Model 1873, showcasing the versatility of some rimmed designs.
- .303 British (Rifle): A powerful full-bodied rifle round used extensively by the British Empire.
2. Rimfire vs. Centerfire:
This distinction refers to the location of the primer.
- Rimfire: The primer is contained within the rim of the cartridge case. Simpler to manufacture, these cartridges are generally lower-powered and primarily used in smaller firearms.
- Centerfire: The primer is located in the center of the cartridge base. These typically allow for higher pressures and are used in a broader range of firearms.
3. Historical Significance:
Many rimmed cartridges hold significant historical value, representing technological milestones in firearm development. Studying these cartridges provides insights into the evolution of firearms technology and ballistic advancements.
The Importance of Proper Identification
It's absolutely crucial to correctly identify a rimmed cartridge before handling or firing any firearm. Never assume a cartridge's caliber or suitability for a specific firearm. Incorrect ammunition can lead to catastrophic weapon failure and serious injury. Always consult reliable resources and firearm manuals for specific firearm-ammunition compatibility.
Conclusion
This overview provides a framework for understanding the diverse world of rimmed cartridges. While a truly exhaustive list is impractical, this guide highlights key categories and examples, illustrating the historical significance and ongoing relevance of these cartridges. Further research into specific cartridges within these categories will deepen your understanding of their unique properties and applications. Remember, safe gun handling and proper ammunition identification are paramount.
