The rear-naked choke (RNC) is a devastating submission hold in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ), Mixed Martial Arts (MMA), and other grappling disciplines. Its effectiveness stems from its ability to quickly restrict blood flow to the brain, forcing a tap. While mastering the RNC is crucial for offensive grapplers, understanding how to escape it is equally vital for defensive success. This comprehensive guide will explore various techniques to survive and potentially reverse this dangerous submission.
Understanding the Mechanics of the RNC
Before diving into escapes, it's essential to grasp the mechanics of the RNC. The choke works by compressing the carotid arteries (on the sides of the neck) and/or the jugular veins (in the front of the neck). This constriction restricts blood flow to the brain, causing dizziness, lightheadedness, and ultimately unconsciousness if not escaped. A properly applied RNC will usually involve the attacker's forearm across the opponent's throat, with their bicep pressing against the opposite side of the neck. The attacker's other arm secures the grip, tightening the choke.
Escaping the RNC: A Multi-Faceted Approach
There's no single "magic bullet" escape for the RNC. The effectiveness of each technique depends on factors such as your opponent's grip strength, your body positioning, and your own flexibility and strength. However, several key strategies can significantly increase your chances of survival.
1. Creating Space and Breaking the Grip
The first step in escaping any choke is often creating space. This involves:
- Bridging: If your opponent is applying the choke from your back, bridging your hips forcefully can disrupt their posture and create some breathing room. This often provides the crucial seconds needed to initiate a more decisive escape.
- Hip Movement: Shifting your hips, even slightly, can alter the angle of the choke and loosen the grip. Experiment with subtle movements to find what works best for you.
- Elbow Escape: Try to place your elbow between your neck and the attacker's arm, disrupting the compression. This is often combined with bridging and hip movement.
2. Hand Positioning and Grip Breaking
Once you've created some space, focus on breaking the attacker's grip. This involves:
- Hand Fighting: Using your hands to control the attacker's hands and arms, preventing them from tightening the choke.
- Underhooking: If possible, securing an underhook can provide leverage to break the grip or turn into a reversal.
- Using your Legs: If the attacker’s arm is at your throat, trying to use your legs to pry the arm off is an option as well.
3. Turning and Reversing the Position
Once you've partially broken the grip, aim to turn to a more advantageous position.
- Turning to your side: A well-timed turn can disrupt the choke and create an opportunity to escape to your side.
- Shrimping and getting to your knees: This can create sufficient space to disengage from the choke.
- Creating distance: Even a slight shift in position can improve your chances of escape.
4. Advanced Escapes and Reversals
Advanced escapes often involve combining several of the techniques mentioned above, plus a high level of understanding of body mechanics and leverage. These techniques might involve:
- Rolling to your side and attacking the back: This is a high-risk, high-reward move that requires precise timing and execution.
- Using a "technical stand-up" to get to your feet: Again, this is an advanced technique that requires considerable practice.
Consistent Practice: The Key to Success
Successfully escaping the RNC requires consistent practice and drilling. Work with a training partner to simulate the choke and practice the escape techniques described above. This repetition will help build muscle memory and improve your reaction time under pressure. Focus on the details – small adjustments in your movements can make a significant difference in the outcome.
Remember, escaping a choke is often a sequence of actions, not a single move. Stay calm, focus on the techniques, and train diligently. With enough practice, you can significantly increase your odds of surviving and even reversing this dangerous submission hold.
